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  • Project: CLARIN in the Netherlands
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  • Blacklab AutoSearch Corpus Search

    This demonstrator allows users to define one or more corpora and upload data for the corpora, after which the corpora will be made automatically searchable in a private workspace. Users can upload text data annotated with lemma + part of speech tags in TEI or FoLiA format, either as a single XML file or as an archive (zip or tar.gz) containing several XML files. Corpus size is limited to begin with (25 MB limit per uploaded file; 500,000 token limit for an entire corpus), but these limits may be increased at a later point in time. The search application is powered by the INL BlackLab corpus search engine. The search interface is the same as the one used in for example the Corpus of Contemporary Dutch / Corpus Hedendaags Nederlands.

  • LASSY Word Relations Search Web Application

    The LASSY word relations web application makes it possible to search for sentences that contain pairs of words between which there is a grammatical relation. One can search in the Dutch LASSY-SMALL Treebank (1 million tokens), in which the syntactic parse of each sentence has been manually verified, and in (a part of) the LASSY-LARGE Treebank (700 million tokens ),in which the syntactic parse of each sentence has been added by the automatic parser Alpino. One can restrict the query to search for words of a particular Part-of-Speech, which is very useful in the case of syntactic ambiguities. One can also leave out the string of the word, so that one can obtain e.g. a list of sentences in which any adverb modifies a given verb, or even any word modifies a given verb. On the page that lists the found sentences one can view the exact syntactic structure of each sentence by a simple click. The application also provides detailed frequency information of all found sentences and word pairs. The Lassy treebanks have been made by the KU Leuven and the Rijksuniversiteit Groningen through financing of the Dutch Language Union. One can obtain these treebanks through the HLT Agency (TST-Centrale). Use PaQu (http://dev.clarin.nl/node/4182) for many more options and if you want to search for word pairs in your own text corpus.

  • FLAT: FoLiA-Linguistic-Annotation-Tool

    FLAT is a web-based linguistic annotation environment based around the FoLiA format (http://proycon.github.io/folia), a rich XML-based format for linguistic annotation. FLAT allows users to view annotated FoLiA documents and enrich these documents with new annotations, a wide variety of linguistic annotation types is supported through the FoLiA paradigm. It is a document-centric tool that fully preserves and visualises document structure. Features Web-based, multi-user environment Server-side document storage, divided into 'namespaces', by default each user has his own namespace. Active documents are held in memory server-side. Read and write permissions to access namespaces are fully configurable. Concurrency (multiple users may edit the same document similtaneously) Full versioning control for documents (using git), allowing limitless undo operations. (in foliadocserve) Full annotator information, with timestamps, is stored in the FoLiA XML and can be displayed by the interface. The git log also contains verbose information on annotations. Annotators can indicate their confidence for each annotation Highly configurable interface; interface options may be disabled on a per-configuration basis. Multiple configurations can be deployed on a single installation Displays and retains document structure (divisions, paragraphs, sentence, lists, etc) Support for corrections, of text or linguistic annotations, and alternative annotations. Corrections are never mere substitutes, originals are always preserved! Spelling corrections for runons, splits, insertions and deletions are supported. Supports FoLiA Set Definitions to display label sets. Sets are not predefined in FoLiA and anybody can create their own. Supports Token Annotation and Span Annotation Supports complex span annotations such as dependency relations, syntactic units (constituents), predicates and semantic roles, sentiments, stratements/attribution, observations Simple metadata editor for editing/adding arbitrary metadata to a document. Selected metadata fields can be shown in the document index as well. User permission model featuring groups, group namespaces, and assignable permissions File/document management functions (copying, moving, deleting) Allows converter extensions to convert from other formats to FoLiA on upload In-document search (CQL or FQL), advanced searches can be predefined by administrators Morphosyntactic tree visualisation (constituency parses and morphemes) Higher-order annotation: associate features, comments, descriptions with any linguistic annotation

  • PICCL: Philosophical Integrator of Computational and Corpus Libraries

    PICCL is a set of workflows for corpus building through OCR, post-correction, modernization of historic language and Natural Language Processing. It combines Tesseract Optical Character Recognition, TICCL functionality and Frog functionality in a single pipeline. Tesseract offers Open Source software for optical character recognition. TICCL (Text Induced Corpus Clean-up) is a system that is designed to search a corpus for all existing variants of (potentially) all words occurring in the corpus. This corpus can be one text, or several, in one or more directories, located on one or more machines. TICCL creates word frequency lists, listing for each word type how often the word occurs in the corpus. These frequencies of the normalized word forms are the sum of the frequencies of the actual word forms found in the corpus. TICCL is a system that is intended to detect and correct typographical errors (misprints) and OCR errors (optical character recognition) in texts. When books or other texts are scanned from paper by a machine, that then turns these scans, i.e. images, into digital text files, errors occur. For instance, the letter combination `in' can be read as `m', and so the word `regeering' is incorrectly reproduced as `regeermg'. TICCL can be used to detect these errors and to suggest a correct form. Frog enriches textual documents with various linguistic annotations.
    Martin Reynaert, Maarten van Gompel, Ko van der Sloot and Antal van den Bosch. 2015. PICCL: Philosophical Integrator of Computational and Corpus Libraries. Proceedings of CLARIN Annual Conference 2015, pp. 75-79. Wrocław, Poland. http://www.nederlab.nl/cms/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/Reynaert_PICCL-Philosophical-Integrator-of-Computational-and-Corpus-Libraries.pdf
    PICCL

  • Nederlab, online laboratory for humanities research on Dutch text collections

    The Nederlab project aims to bring together all digitized texts relevant to Dutch national heritage, the history of Dutch language and culture (c. 800 - present) in one user-friendly and tool-enriched open access web interface, allowing scholars to simultaneously search and analyze data from texts spanning the full recorded history of the Netherlands, its language and culture. The project builds on various initiatives: for corpora Nederlab collaborates with the scientific libraries and institutions, for infrastructure with CLARIN (and CLARIAH), for tools with eHumanities programmes such as Catch, IMPACT and CLARIN (TICCL, frog). Nederlab will offer a large number of search options with which researchers can find the occurrence of a particular term in a particular corpus or subcorpus. It'll also offer visualization of search results through line graphs, bar graphs, circle graphs, or scatter graphs. Furthermore, this online lab will offer a large set of tools, like tokenization tools, tools for spelling normalization, PoS-tagging tools, lemmatization tools, a computational historical lexicon and indices. Also, the use of (semi-) automatic syntactic parsing, tools for text mining, data mining and sentiment mining, Named Entity Recognition tools, coreference resolution tools, plagiarism detection tools, paraphrase detection tools and cartographical tools is offered The first version of Nederlab was launched in early 2015, it’ll be expanded until the end of 2017. Nederlab is financed by NWO, KNAW, CLARIAH and CLARIN-NL.
    http://www.nederlab.nl/wp/?page_id=12

  • Frog: An advanced Natural Language Processing Suite for Dutch (Web Service and Application)

    Frog is an integration of memory-based natural language processing (NLP) modules developed for Dutch. It performs automatic linguistic enrichment such as part of speech tagging, lemmatisation, named entity recognition, shallow parsing, dependency parsing and morphological analysis. All NLP modules are based on TiMBL.
    Iris Hendrickx, Antal van den Bosch, Maarten van Gompel, Ko van der Sloot and Walter Daelemans. 2016.Frog: A Natural Language Processing Suite for Dutch. CLST Technical Report 16-02, pp 99-114. Nijmegen, the Netherlands. https://github.com/LanguageMachines/frog/blob/master/docs/frogmanual.pdf
    Van den Bosch, A., Busser, G.J., Daelemans, W., and Canisius, S. (2007). An efficient memory-based morphosyntactic tagger and parser for Dutch, In F. van Eynde, P. Dirix, I. Schuurman, and V. Vandeghinste (Eds.), Selected Papers of the 17th Computational Linguistics in the Netherlands Meeting, Leuven, Belgium, pp. 99-114. http://ilk.uvt.nl/downloads/pub/papers/tadpole-final.pdf
    Frog (plain text input)
    Frog (folia+xml input)

  • Ucto Tokeniser

    Ucto tokenizes text files: it separates words from punctuation, and splits sentences. This is one of the first tasks for almost any Natural Language Processing application. Ucto offers several other basic preprocessing steps such as changing case that you can all use to make your text suited for further processing such as indexing, part-of-speech tagging, or machine translation. The tokeniser engine is language independent. By supplying language-specific tokenisation rules in an external configuration file a tokeniser can be created for a specific language. Ucto comes with tokenization rules for English, Dutch, French, Italian, and Swedish; it is easily extendible to other languages. It recognizes dates, times, units, currencies, abbreviations. It recognizes paired quote spans, sentences, and paragraphs. It produces UTF8 encoding and NFC output normalization, optionally accepts other encodings as input. Optional conversion to all lowercase or uppercase. Ucto supports FoLiA XML.
    Ucto

  • CLARIN Vocabulary Service

    The CLARIN Vocabulary Service is a running instance of the OpenSKOS exchange and publication platform for SKOS vocabularies. OpenSKOS offers several ways to publish SKOS vocabularies (upload SKOS file, harvest from another OpenSKOS instance with OAI-PMH, construct using the RESTful API) and to use vocabularies (search and autocomplete using the API, harvest using OAI-PMH, inspect in the interactive Editor or consult as Linked Data). This CLARIN OpenSKOS instance is hosted by the Meertens Institute. Contents This OpenSKOS instance currently publishes SKOS versions of three vocabularies: - ISO-639-3 language codes, as published by SIL. - Closed and simple Data Categories from the ISOcat metadata profile. - A manually constructed and curated list of Organizations, based on the CLARIN VLO. .
    Brugman, H. 2017. CLAVAS: A CLARIN Vocabulary and Alignment Service. In: Odijk J. & van Hessen A, CLARIN in the Low Countries, ch 5, pp 61-69. London: Ubiquity Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/bbi.5

  • The Typological Database System (TDS)

    The Typological Database System (TDS) is a web-based service that provides integrated access to a collection of independently developed typological databases. Unified querying is supported with the help of an integrated ontology. The component databases of the TDS are cross-linguistic databases, developed for research in language typology and linguistics. Together they contain some 1200 different descriptive properties, with information about more than 1000 languages. (Because of the heterogeneous nature of the collection, most properties are only filled for a fraction of the languages). Most of the data is in the form of high-level "analytical" properties, but there are also a few collections of example sentences (with glosses) illustrating particular phenomena. Language typology, the study of the range of language variation and universals, is a data-intensive discipline that increasingly relies on electronic databases. Improved availability of the data collected in the TDS enhances its potential to support linguistic research. The TDS can be used to help answer questions such as "which languages have the basic word order Verb-Object-Subject", "what kind of phonological stress systems are common" "are languages with subject-verb agreement more likely to allow null subjects than languages without it" etc. The system is not an oracle: In all cases, only partial information is returned, as collected and deposited in the system by the creators of the component databases. But this information can be invaluable to other researchers, either as a complete answer to a specific question or as the starting point for further research. Given that the collected data represents linguistic analysis and often novel theoretical approaches, it is impossible to map it to a single "consensus" standard. While in some limited cases it is possible to completely reconcile data from different sources, the system places a premium on preserving the theoretical orientations and analyses of the component databases, which are presented side by side as alternative datasets in the same topical group. The TDS project was carried out by a research group of the Netherlands Graduate School of Linguistics (LOT), with members representing the University of Amsterdam, Leiden University, Radboud University Nijmegen, and Utrecht University. It was developed with support from NWO (Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research) grant 380-30-004 / INV-03-12 and from participating universities. The initial phase of the project was started in September 2000, and the project entered the implementation phase on 1 May 2004. Originally scheduled to run for three years, it was extended until 31 December 2007. The TDS server and data collections continued to be augmented until 2009. While the original TDS web server is still operational, web technologies evolve rapidly. The system had begun to show its age even before the end of the project in 2009, motivating migration of the data collection to an archival platform. But due to the complexity and diversity of the component databases, the data cannot be usefully navigated without specialized supporting software; useful archiving necessitates a software access point alongside the static data. Under the "TDS Curator" project, supported by a CLARIN-NL Call 1 grant, the TDS has migrated to a new platform, hosted by the Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS), that conforms to CLARIN infrastructural requirements. Both versions of the system remain in operation.
    Windhouwer, M, Dimitriadis, A and Akerman, V. 2017. Curating the Typological Database System. In: Odijk, J and van Hessen, A. (eds.) CLARIN in the Low Countries, Pp. 123–132. London: Ubiquity Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/bbi.11. License: CC-BY 4.0
    A. Dimitriadis, M. Windhouwer, A. Saulwick, R. Goedemans, T. Bíró. How to integrate databases without starting a typology war: The Typological Database System. In S. Musgrave, M. Everaert and A. Dimitriadis (eds.), The use of databases in cross-linguistic research, Mouton de Gruyter, March 2009.
    M. Windhouwer, A. Dimitriadis. Sustainable operability: Keeping complex resources alive. In Proceedings of the LREC workshop on Sustainability of Language Resources and Tools for Natural Language Processing (SustainableNLP08 ), Marrakech, Morocco, May 31, 2008.
    A. Dimitriadis. Managing Differences: The TDS Approach. In Proceedings of the E-MELD Workshop on Toward the Interoperability of Language Resources (E-MELD 2007 ), Stanford, CA, July 13-15, 2007. Position paper.
    A. Dimitriadis, A. Saulwick, M. Windhouwer. Semantic relations in ontology mediated linguistic data integration. In Proceedings of the E-MELD Workshop on Morphosyntactic Annotation and Terminology: Linguistic Ontologies and Data Categories for Linguistic Resources (E-MELD 2005 ), Cambridge, Massachusetts, July 1-3, 2005.
    A. Saulwick, M. Windhouwer, A. Dimitriadis, R. Goedemans. Distributed tasking in ontology mediated integration of typological databases for linguistic research. In J. Castro and E. Teniente, Proceedings of the CAiSE'05 Workshops (International Workshop on Data Integration and the Semantic Web (DISWeb'05) in conjuction with CAiSE'05 ), Volume I, pp 303-317, Porto, Portugal, June 14, 2005.
    A. Dimitriadis, P. Monachesi. Integrating Different Data Types in a Typological Database System. In P. Austin, H. Dry and P. Wittenburg (eds.), Proceedings of the International Workshop on Resources and Tools in Field Linguistics, Las Palmas, Canary Islands, Spain, 2002.
    P. Monachesi, A. Dimitriadis, R. Goedemans, A. Mineur, M. Pinto. A Unified System for Accessing Typological Databases. In Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC 3), Las Palmas, Canary Islands, Spain, 2002.

  • GrNe: Greek-Dutch dictionary

    Online dictionary (ancient) Greek - Dutch for the letter Pi. Search functions include searches for Greek lemmata, search of Greek declined or conjugated word-forms that lead to the correct lemma ('lemmatizer'), searches for Dutch words leading to different Greek lemmata, and etymological searches. The dictionary is linked to Logeion, the international website of Greek dictionaries at the University of Chicago. The developers estimate that a complete version of the dictionary will be finished by the end of 2015 and that it will be published by the end of 2016. A new dictionary ancient Greek – Dutch is currently under construction at Leiden University. The dictionary is being financed through the 2010 Spinoza award of project director Ineke Sluiter. CLARIN funding enabled the digital production of the letter Pi. Currently, the letters beta, gamma, zeta, pi and sigma are available online. The developers estimate that a complete first version of the dictionary will be finished by the end of 2015 and that it will be published by the end of 2016. The corpus that is being covered by this dictionary covers Greek literature from its beginnings (Homer) and consists of ca. 3.680.000 words (tokens); it includes all classical authors from the 5th and 4th centuries BCE, and a selection of later Greek (selection based on the likelihood that the text will be used by our target groups), but all of the New Testament, Lucian and Plutarch. The dictionary will eventually contain ca. 52.500 headwords. It is based on a thorough comparison of state of the art dictionaries, supplemented with the help of the material from the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae. Greek morphology is complicated. In order to use a dictionary effectively, a rather high level of initial language competence is necessary for the user to be able to relate the word-form s/he finds in a text to the correct basic lemma form, where the definition of the word can be found. This digital dictionary however has an added ‘lemmatizer’ function, which enables the user to type in the word as found in the text and to be redirected to the correct lemma. The digital resource enables both Greek-Dutch searches and searches for the possible Greek equivalents of Dutch terms. This also makes it possible to explore the relation of semantic fields in Dutch and Greek. E.g., it is possible to locate all Greek words that have ‘courage’ as part of their definition. Furthermore, the digital resource makes it possible to locate different Greek words with the same etymological roots. And finally, the dictionary is linked to the website of the University of Chicago, where a comparison of all Greek-x dictionaries is supported. Here, one can enter a Greek word and be provided with the equivalents and definitions in all the dictionaries that are linked on this website.